Purpose. To increase the accuracy of determining the parameters of microhardness and surface roughness of objects in an automated mode. Increasing the accuracy of part shaping, since there is no need to change the positioning of the part when manufactured on a CNC machine, that is, a closed technological processing process is ensured. Improving the accuracy of CNC machines for the production of device parts.
Specifications. It is possible to create measurement microloads on the surface of a part with a value of less than 1 mN with corresponding automatic registration of information signals and their subsequent processing. Using the created technology, the coordinates of an object are determined at 0.02 µm with high measurement speed (3 – 4 µs)
Application area. Instrument making, related industries – aviation, space, rocketry.
Advantages. The advantage is the creation of microloads of measurement on the surface of the part, having a value of less than 1 mN, and not tens and hundreds, as in modern known systems. coordinate determination is carried out at 0.02 μm with high measurement speed (3 – 4 μs), which is almost 100 times higher than known world analogues. For comparison, foreign technologies that perform similar technological operations (Renishaw, Daishowa Seiki, Olivetti, etc.) have a coordinate determination accuracy of 1 micron, a response speed of 1 – 2 ms, and a pressure force of at least 50 mN. In addition, the spatial diagram for determining the coordinate using the created measurement technology has the shape of an ideal ball, unlike analogues, where the diagram has the shape of a distorted ball, which leads to a loss of measurement accuracy.
Technical and economic effect. The developed physical and mathematical theory allows us to consider a whole range of technological and physical processes from a different point of view than in generally accepted concepts on the issues of control and measurement of roughness and rigidity in the field of instrument engineering. The created concept allows for significant advancement of scientific and applied results in science and industrial production, makes it possible to establish a separate class of instrumentation (technical equipment) for measuring microhardness and surface roughness of precision parts with the appropriate organization of production with a corresponding economic effect. The use of devices of this type can be used in hard-to-reach places with complex configurations of parts, body products and tubular products, such as gun barrels. The proposed technical solutions are extremely important for the production of high-quality products for instrument making and aviation, space technology and rocket science.
Description. New approaches have been created to ensure high precision in the manufacture of device parts, which will make it possible to determine the quality parameters of the part, in particular, microhardness and surface roughness, which significantly affects the accuracy of the manufacture of parts. The fundamentals of the operation of an integrated control and measuring device have been created based on the processing of informative parameters of electromagnetic fields of objects, which helps to increase accuracy in the manufacture of device parts. New design principles, structural and circuit diagrams of an integrated control and measuring device for technological processes of mechanical processing of precision instrument parts are scientifically substantiated. This will make it possible to timely adjust the production of the part on an automated machine. The proposed principles of operation of the control system for touching the surface of an object ensure increased accuracy of the metalworking process in the manufacture of precision instrument parts, which is especially important when processing metals on CNC machines.