Purpose. To create competitive technologies for growing corn and sunflower to increase yields, reduce economic costs, improve the nutritional value and balance of the harvest and maintain soil fertility.
Technical properties. The technology for growing corn and sunflower includes all the basic elements recommended for the right-bank Forest-Steppe zone of Ukraine. The predecessor in all experiments is winter wheat. The main tillage was carried out after harvesting the predecessor and included disking to a depth of 8-10 cm and shelf cultivation to a depth of 23-25 cm. The improved technology for growing corn for grain provides for the combined use of urea (150 kg / ha5) for cultivation before sowing (150 kg / ha), as well as double foliar feeding of corn hybrids with microfertilizer with the necessary set of microelements (magnesium sulfate – 3 kg / ha and zinc – 1.5 l / ha) for application during the critical period of vegetation (8 leaves). Improved technology for growing sunflower using a separate granular fertilizer (Eurofertil 51 TOP Phos – 150 kg / ha) in combination with the combined use of foliar feeding with a set of microelements.
Scope. Agriculture, crop production. Agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership, scientific institutions.
Advantages. Due to the increase in yield and oil content by 19-32% and 22-24% respectively, a higher economic effect of 15-20% is ensured, saving natural resources and fertilizers – by 15-20%; maintaining the ecological state of the environment due to limiting the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides; soil protection, which is manifested in the preservation of the humus content and basic plant nutrition elements.
Technical and economic effect. The use of sunflower and corn growing technology helps to increase the yield of agricultural crops by 19-32% and increase the quality indicators of hybrids by 22-24% (sowing suitability and oil content / starch content). At the same time, a positive balance of the main macro and microelements in the soil is maintained with the receipt of final products that correspond to the category of its organic for industrial processing.
Description. Regulations have been developed for the application of modern intensification means on the productivity of agricultural crops in the system of market-forming crops, their cultivation for the production of biofuels and ensuring energy independence of the agro-industrial complex. The efficiency of the impact of a separate granular fertilizer (Eurofertil 51 TOP Phos) on the morphometric parameters and productivity of corn and sunflower hybrids (DKS 3972 and Belvedere) has been studied. Recommendations for the most appropriate use of foliar feeding from the standpoint of their single-component and two-component application have been defined and summarized, and the advisability of using technological regulations for microfertilizers (zinc, magnesium sulfate, boron) to increase the overall productivity of plants has been indicated. The use of the technology allows for reducing the application rates of mineral fertilizers, pesticides, reducing economic costs, improving the state of the environment and promoting soil conservation. Scientific substantiation of the technological process of growing corn and sunflower will help optimize agrotechnical measures for the targeted formation of highly productive agrocenoses of this crop.