Purpose. Developing an effective sustainable method of soil management in the system of using intermediate crops in crop rotations, which can increase the soil organic matter, normalize its physicochemical and water properties, reduce the level of segetal and phytopathogenic soil degradation, normalize useful.
Technical characteristics. Any zoned variety of oilseed radish is suitable for the technology. g / l. The following standard set of machines is suitable for the field biofumigation system itself: rotary mower chopper type FX-315, mulcher type Mateng EF 155 (as an exception, you can use a roller-chopper type KR-3A) and any means for spreading agrofibre in accordance with the biofoot.
Scope. Agriculture, growing other annual and biennial crops.
Advantages. Lower cost of growing and immobilizing the grown leaf-stem mass, biological acceleration of the biofumigant decomposition process up to 35 days, increased degree of immobilization of released compounds during the mineralization of biomass in the soil, increased duration of the biofumigation effect. soil by 20%.
Technical and economic effect. The technology allows to reduce the cost of the process of obtaining green manure leaf-stem mass by 15-17%, accelerates the process of decomposition of plant mass in the soil by 20-35 days, which allows its use for winter crops of the main sowing period in crop rotation. soil 15-20 cm higher by 27-30% than by the prototype technology of biofumigation with white mustard.
Description. The system of intermediate summer (post-sawn, post-harvest options) cultivation of oilseed radish on an unfertilized background after preliminary disking in two tracks with a seeding rate of 2-2.5 million viable seeds in a gastro method is used. into the soil by harrowing. Oilseed radish is grown until the flowering phase, when the content of glucosinolates in the plant reaches its maximum. The layer is immediately covered with white agrofibre (ordinary type geotextile with a density of 30-50 g / m2). With 3-4 times application of this technology during crop rotation for the same field, the coefficient of structuring of the arable soil layer increases by 14-21%, the percentage of agronomically valuable structural aggregates in the soil increases by 8-12%, the content of labile forms of organic matter in the soil is 44-69% for annual and 18-32% for perennial weed species, the overall reduction in pathogenic microbiota according to general screening is 33-41%.