PURPOSE:
A group of scientists has created a method for producing highly dispersed aerosols based on highly dispersed nanosized silica for active action on clouds and fogs in order to disperse them, obtain additional precipitation in arid regions, prevent hail, and regulate climatic conditions in large areas.
DESCRIPTION:
The problem of actively influencing clouds and fogs with the aim of dispersing them, obtaining additional precipitation in arid regions, preventing hail, as well as regulating climatic conditions in large areas is urgent. Among the cryogenic reagents used, silver iodide is considered the most effective. However, the high cost and scarcity of AgI significantly limits the scope of its application. Therefore, the search for new substances capable of fully or partially replacing silver iodide as ice-forming reagents continues intensively throughout the world. A number of compounds with sufficiently high limiting temperatures of ice formation and specific yields of ice crystals (the number of ice crystals per 1 gram of the preparation) are known, but for various reasons they are not used in the practice of active influences. For example, lead iodide is prohibited for environmental reasons, copper sulphide is not used because of the difficulties in obtaining a highly dispersed aerosol, effective organic reagents such as metaldehyde, phloroglucinol are also not widely used due to the difficulties of dispersion. The task of the work is to create new ice-forming reagents that have high activity, for which it would be possible to obtain highly dispersed aerosols by fairly simple methods, would significantly reduce the cost of experimental and production work on artificial exposure and would create favorable conditions for their further development. In contrast to traditional methods of obtaining such aerosols based on the combustion of active substances, the authors of this work propose to use a ready-made aerosol as a carrier – highly dispersed nanosized silica. According to the developed original technology, a monolayer is applied to the surface of nanosilica, or clusters of inorganic salts or organic compounds with ice-forming activity are formed. The resulting modified nanosilica can act as ice-forming centers with high efficiency.
ADVANTAGES:
Выход центров кристаллизации для AgI составляет примерно 1013 г-1. Высокодисперсный наноразмерный кремнезем с удельной поверхностью 300 м2 / г состоит из сферических первичных частиц размером примерно 10 нм. В 1 г нанокремнезема содержится примерно 1018 таких частиц. Если на поверхности частиц создать монослойное покрытие или нанокластеры из активного вещества, то теоретически можно ожидать выход ледяных частиц 1018 г.-1, что значительно превосходит имеющиеся в настоящее время ледоформирующие реагенты. На практике это значение будет, естественно, ниже, поскольку наночастицы могут агрегировать. Разработана технология регулируемого нанесения неорганических солей и органических соединений на поверхность нанокремнезема.
RECOMMENDED FIELD OF APPLICATION:
The developed reagents will be used at airports, viticulture agricultural enterprises, in agriculture to artificially increase precipitation.
RESULTS OF THE RESEARCH:
The resulting modified nanosilica can act as ice-forming centers with high efficiency.
STAGE OF THE DEVELOPMENT READINESS:
Laboratory tests.
TRANSFER OPPORTUNITY:
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- Technical cooperation.
- Manufacturing agreement.
- Commercial agreement with technical assistance.
NOVELTY:
1 patent of Ukraine.
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