Purpose. To create highly efficient thermal insulation materials with predictable thermophysical properties and utilize industrial waste from thermal power plants to reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment (using the example of the influence of the Burshtyn Thermal Power Plant).
Specifications. The technology for producing porous material includes the stages of preparing recipe components, mixing powdered components, sintering the prepared mixture at temperatures of 500-550°C for 70-90 minutes, grinding the prepared raw material mass, mixing it with water, steaming the resulting mixture in a saturated aqueous environment at 100°C. for 720 minutes and swelling at a temperature of 500-550o C for 5-20 minutes, cooling and obtaining finished products. The thermal conductivity coefficient of the sample at 20°C is 0.12 W/mK, porosity is 70%, Application temperature is 900°C.
Application area. The developed technology can be proposed for the production of lightweight porous granular thermal insulation materials, which can be used for thermal protection of various units, power plants and in construction. Enterprises related to the fuel and energy sector, construction and utilities industries.
Advantages. The technology proposed based on the research results is characterized by flexibility and versatility compared to existing ones, since it makes it possible to obtain cellular materials with specified thermophysical properties and utilize ash from coal-fired thermal power plants, while existing technologies for expanding silicon-containing raw materials make it possible to obtain cellular materials from relatively expensive components.
Technical and economic effect. Utilization of coal ash and reduction in the volume of its storage will solve the problems of irrational use of land, wind pollination of large areas, will gradually reduce the volume of ash dumps and avoid the likely threat of breaking protective dams. The use of technogenic waste in base mixtures will reduce their cost by replacing relatively expensive bases, such as silicates, with traditional ones. The implementation of the project results in the production of cellular thermal insulation materials when creating production facilities with the subsequent preparation of raw materials for the manufacture of base mixtures will allow for social and environmental effects: create new jobs, increase employment, and reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment. The thermophysical characteristics of the materials (porosity 60-70%, thermal conductivity 0.12-0.16 W, mK) allow their use in backfill insulation of building envelopes.
Description. The technology involves a controlled influence on the kinetics of gas formation and the formation of a porous structure during swelling of a silicon-containing raw material mixture, additionally containing waste coal ash from thermal power plants and medium-temperature gas-forming agents (clay, water). The technology is based on swelling through the controlled formation of a cellular structure of materials, where coal ash waste from the Burshtyn TPP is used for the first time as a silicon-containing component of the raw material mixture.