Technology of convective-vibrational drying of walnuts

Purpose. Development of convective-vibratory equipment for the implementation of an energy-efficient process for drying walnuts to ensure the standard quality of the finished product.

Technical properties. The proposed design of a convective-vibratory dryer with an installed capacity of 27.5 kW, air heated to 38 ° C in an amount of 0.9 m3 / s is used as a drying agent. The amount of energy for evaporation of a unit of moisture is 3.91 MJ / kg.

Scope. Food and processing industry

Advantages. Substantiated methods for assessing the influence of phenotypic factors on the formation of a highly productive herd of dairy cattle and increasing the rate of its improvement ensure that the minimum requirements for milk productivity of Jersey cows are exceeded by 83% in the first lactation, by 82.1% in the second, and by 73.1% in the third. %. Replacement heifers of the breeds grown on the farm in all age periods prevail in the standard for live weight. Average daily weight gain of heifers of Ukrainian black and red-motley dairy breeds is 692-868 g, and Jersey – 472-571 g. Jerseys have the shortest service period (136 days), the longest – Ukrainian black-motley dairy breed (155 days). The calf yield is 67-69%, the survivability of calves is 97-98%. The proposed technological solutions contribute to the increase of genetic potential for productive indicators of cows of Ukrainian and foreign selection. The proposed design of the convective-vibration machine allows to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the material layer to increase the heat and energy indicators of the process and to reduce energy costs for drying walnuts by 1.25-1.4 times compared to modern dryers.

Technical and economic effect. The obtained results are of great economic importance for the formation of ecological and energy security of the country, increasing the export potential of the walnut growing and processing industry. The reduction of energy costs during drying of walnut kernels will be at least 15% with an increase in the profitability of walnut production at the level of 18-23%.

Description. A technology of convective-vibrational drying of walnuts has been developed using a model convective-vibrational dryer KV-4-01 with an estimated capacity of 125 kg/h (for the finished product) and a specific energy consumption for moisture evaporation of no more than 5 MJ/kg. During the production test, the amount of energy for evaporation of 1 kg of moisture was 3.91 MJ/kg. These performance indicators of the KV-4-01 dryer allow us to recommend it for use in technological lines for industrial processing of walnuts. The obtained results are of great economic importance for the formation of environmental and energy security of the country, increasing the export potential of the walnut growing and processing industry.

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